Saying There Is and There Are in Spanish

Saying 'There Is' and 'There Are' in Spanish It is frequently said that there is or there are is communicated in Spanish utilizing the action word feed (a type of haber) - and without a doubt that is generally so. Be that as it may, there are a few cases where types of the action word estar - normally est (solitary) or estn (plural) - ought to be utilized. The thing that matters is one in importance: Feed is utilized to allude to insignificant existence.Est or estn is utilized while portraying an area. For instance, inspect this basic sentence: There is a book. In any event recorded as a hard copy, the English is questionable - the sentence could be stated as a book is there, implying that a book is in a specific area. Or then again could be deciphered as A book exists. In Spanish an alternate action word would be utilized for every translation. To state that the book is in an area, utilize a type of estar: El libro est allã ­. (The book is there.)But to state it just exists, utilize a type of haber, for this situation roughage: Hay un libro. (A book exists.) Disposing of Ambiguity in Translating There A similar rule applies in numerous different situations where the English may be questionable: No roughage dinero. (There isnt any cash, since it doesnt exist.) El dinero no est. (The cash exists, yet its not here.)No roughage profesor. (Theres no instructor, which means, for example, that one hasnt been employed.) El profesor no est. (Theres an educator, however the instructor isnt here.)Hay dos escuelas. (There are two schools, that is, two schools exist.) Dos escuelas estn allã ­. (There are two schools, which means, two schools are toward the path that is being pointed to.)Hay vacas en Argentina. (There are bovines in Argentina.) Las vacas estn en Argentina. (The particular dairy animals are there, in Argentina.)Sà ³lo feed una cosa importante. (There is just a single significant thing.) La cosa importante est en otro lado. (The significant thing is on the opposite side. Here cosa alludes to a particular item.) Theoretical things, or things that dont allude to an article that can exist in a particular area, regularly are not utilized with estar, yet with feed: Feed muchos problemas. (There are numerous problems.)No roughage felicidad sin love. (There is no bliss without love.)Hay un montã ³n de cosas que quiero decirte. (There is a heap of things I need to state to you.)Hay dos tipos de dolor: el que te lastima y el que te cambia. (There are two sorts of agony: the sort thatâ hurts you and the thoughtful that transforms you.) Another method of understanding the distinctions includes looking the punctuation of the English being deciphered. In sentences there is interpreted utilizing estar, there is working as a verb modifier of area. In the event that here can be fill in for there and the sentence despite everything bodes well, there is being utilized for area. Be that as it may, when there is being utilized as a spurious word, haber is utilized in interpretation. Estar versus Haber in Other Tenses In spite of the fact that models in the current characteristic tense were utilized over, similar principles apply in different tenses and in the subjunctive state of mind. Fui a su casa, pero no estaba. (I went to her home, however she wasnt there.)No habã ­a transportaciã ³n porque no comprã © un coche. (There was no transportation since I didnt purchase a car.)Si hubiera unicornios, la gente los verã ­an. (On the off chance that there were unicorns, individuals would see them.)Quiero que haya paz en el mundo. (I need there to be harmony in the world.)No quiero que à ©l estã © allã ­. (I dont need him to be there.) A Similar Use of Ser At the point when it is utilized to show negligible presence, haber can be utilized uniquely as an outsider looking in standard Spanish. It is frequently conceivable to utilize ser along these lines in the first-and second-individual plural (we and you, separately). This utilization is particularly normal with numbers. Somos seis. (There are six of us.)Ya somos veinte en la clase. (Presently there are 20 of us in the class.)Son ustedes cinco hombres. (There are you five men.)Si sois siete, te ruego que me digas  ¿cã ³mo puede ser? (On the off chance that there are you seven, I ask that you let me know, how this can be?) Key Takeaways In spite of the fact that types of estar and haber can be utilized in deciphering there is and there are, their implications are not the same.Estar is utilized while proposing presence in an area, while haber is utilized in alluding to minor existence.Haber likewise is utilized with conceptual things, which dont allude to objects.

Compare and Contrast Gibson’s and Gregory’s theories of perception

Gibson’s and Gregory’s hypotheses of observation both propose that eye-retina is significant for discernment. The both accept that without eye-retina, an individual won't have the option to see. This is a typical perspective on both of the hypotheses of observation. The thought is upheld by the instance of SB. SB was a man who had been visually impaired from birth because of waterfalls. At the point when he was 52, he had an activity which reestablished his sight and henceforth he could see. Subsequently, this case has demonstrated the significance of eye-retina for things to be perceived.And along these lines, bolsters both of speculations of recognition which eye-retina is fundamental for discernment. Gibson trusts in the immediate speculations of observation which he utilized the hypothesis of base up preparing to clarify visual deceptions though Gregory has faith in the aberrant speculations of recognition and he utilized the hypothesis of top-down handling to clari fy visual fantasies. The base up depend on the suspicion that we work upwards in our examination of the visual world structure essential tangible contributions at the base level towards the higher, progressively psychological degrees of the brain.The top-down handling hypotheses depend on the presumption that we can possibly see our visual world precisely on the off chance that we use put away information and critical thinking abilities. Consequently, there are contrasts between their hypotheses of discernment. Gregory’s backhanded hypothesis of recognition and Gibson’s heading hypothesis of discernment had prompted the discussion of nature-sustain. This is a major discussion in Psychology whether discernment is dictated by hereditary qualities as proposed by Gibson’s hypothesis or whether it is found out or controlled by childhood and social setting as proposed by Gregory’s theory.On the one hand, Nativists feel that nature is increasingly significant fa ctor which individuals are the results of their hereditary qualities and that we are brought into the world with specific practices. Then again, empiricists feel that experience and sustain is the more significant factor. They feel that situational variables and childhood impact result. A mixed methodology may show that it is a cooperation among nature and support and that neither one of the sides can recount to the full story. It might be that a hereditary inclination to observation exists, however that situational factors additionally must be set up for it to develop.Apart from the abovementioned, there are a couple of more contrasts among Gibson’s and Gregory’s speculations of recognition. Gregory accepts that extra preparing is required for recognition which a few types of foundation information is expected to understand the earth than simply the tangible info while Gibson accepts that observation is a piece of an inbuilt versatile system for endurance which doesn' t depend on put away information or past experience. Gregory accepts that desires affect observations which Gibson disagrees.There is experimental proof supporting the possibility of Gregory, and this originates from an investigation completed by Simons and Levin. half of the members neglected to understand that there was a switch of individuals. This is likely because of the way that the members had not anticipated a difference face to face. Thus, they couldn't see it. Moreover, an examination completed by Selfridge likewise underpins the possibility of Gregory. Selfridge’s study exhibits that our recognitions are intervened by our desires as individuals can peruse the figures as ‘’the cat’’.This is on the grounds that individuals have the desires for the feline as they are words in like manner utilization. These examinations have indicated that individuals saw what they have been hoping to see. Hence, the investigation shows that desires influence discernment. Also, subsequently propose that Gregory’s hypothesis of recognition may be directly rather than Gibson’s. Gregory additionally recommends that we use setting for our discernments which Gibson opposes this idea. There are supporting confirmations for Gregory’s presumptions. Selfridge’s study has indicated setting impacts on visual discernment. This investigation proposes that setting helps perception.Similarly, Boring has exhibited the utilization of top-down preparing just as the way that setting impacts visual discernment. These two investigations exhibit that visual discernment is affected by setting. Also, Gregory’s thought is bolstered by the investigation did by Warren which setting impacts sound-related observation too. The members utilized setting to hear the word in the sentence completely. This shows the significance of setting which assists with filling in the missing words. These discoveries proposed that the facts may demo nstrate that setting is vital for observation to happen successfully.These considers support Gregory’s hypothesis rather than Gibson’s. Moreover, Gregory’s hypothesis clarifies how we can make blunders in recognition. For example, we don't really observe spelling blunders in our composed work as we word-through-setting. In addition, Gregory proposes that we use put away information and past experience to understand our visual condition which Gibson doesn't concur. Additionally, Gregory recommended that a few types of foundation information, through learning, are expected to comprehend the earth than simply the tactile contribution as proposed by Gibson.Gregory said that, when taking a gander at the Muller-Lyer figure, the line on the left looks longer than that on the right. He accepted this was on the grounds that we were utilizing top-down preparing and expecting that the figure on the left resembles the side of a room that we are in, while the figure on the p rivilege resembles the side of a structure seen all things considered. Henceforth, this recommended we use setting for our observations. He additionally highlighted the possibility of the empty cover. At the point when we see an empty veil from within, we see it as pointing outwards, on the grounds that this is the thing that we are utilized to.However, there are issues with Gregory’s standpoint. Right off the bat, on the off chance that we take an induction of the Muller-Lyer dream and supplant the bolts with circles, we can see that the impact despite everything holds, despite the fact that we couldn't in any way, shape or form be envisioning the edges of rooms or structures, and so forth. In this way, Gregory’s supposition of the hypothesis of discernment may not be right. Besides, Gibson contends that data structure visual dreams ought not be utilized in light of the fact that it is a phony upgrade that couldn't occur in reality which proposed that the hypothesis c an't be applied, all things considered, situation.However, visual fantasies do occur, in actuality, for example, trains and vehicle wash. All things being equal, Gibson has confidence in the immediate hypothesis of recognition which is a restricting hypothesis to Gregory’s. He accepts that we don't require earlier information to see questions effectively. Gibson recommends that discernment is molded by natural legacy rather than what Gregory has proposed. As indicated by Warren and Hannon, members had the option to make decisions about bearing utilizing specks which support Gibson’s optic stream patterns.And this shows Gibson’s hypothesis may be directly rather than Gregory’s. Nonetheless, study completed by Lee and Lishman has indicated that grown-ups have a bigger number of encounters about the world than youngsters and in this manner has given occasion to feel qualms about uncertainty Gibson’s hypothesis. Likewise, an investigation conveyed Hahn , Anderson and Saidpour has shown that paying little mind to which condition the members were, they could tell heading and development. Furthermore, this finding conflicts with Gibson’s thought of optic stream. Along these lines, Gibson’s hypothesis probably won't be right, rather, Gregory’s hypothesis may be progressively practical.

Presentation free essay sample

Materials utilized for structures Timber replayed Plastic Forms Aluminum structures Steel systems TIMBER It should The timber FORMS bearing strong utilized and for system treatable must fulfill the accompanying prerequisites Advantages of utilizing timber structures: It is affordable for little development occupations It is plan adaptable and simple to raise It can without much of a stretch be made into any shape or size ALUMINUM The system goes out to As the quality of aluminum be conservative if huge in taking care of, pressure and quantities of reuses are made pressure is not exactly the in development. Renege of steel, it is important to utilize huge areas. Their lower thickness, aluminum The significant impediment of aluminum structures is that no structures are lighter than steel structures, changes can be made once and this is their essential the system is created. Bit of leeway when contrasted with steel Forms produced using aluminum are in numerous regards like those made of steel Plastic Frameworks These structures have gotten progressively famous for throwing one of a kind shapes and examples being planned in concrete in view of the amazing completion got requiring least or no surface treatment and fixes. We will compose a custom exposition test on Introduction or then again any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Various sorts of plastic structures are accessible like glass fortified plastic, fiber strengthened plastic and thermoplastics and so forth Fiberglass-fortified plastic is has a few favorable circumstances, for example, areas can be joined hands on location in such a manner to wipe out joints, there is no size constraint ;The material permits more noteworthy opportunity of plan ;Unusual surfaces and plans can be shaped into the structure lightweight and effectively stripped The hindrance Of utilizing plastic structures is that it doesn't fit field creation Hence, the plan and arranging of this structure must be deliberately circulated out.Also care must take not to harm the plastic by the warmth applied for quickened relieving of the solid. Trough and waffle units in fiberglass are utilized in development of enormous floor zones and multistoried places of business. STEEL FRAMEWORK Mostly utilized in huge development ventures or in circumstances where huge number of re-employments of the equivalent covering is conceivable. Reasonable for roundabout or bended formed structures, for example, tanks, sections, fireplaces. And so forth for structures like sewer burrow and holding wall.Strong, tough have longer life Reuses can be expected o change from 100 to 120 and timber differs from tenth 12. Steel can be introduced destroyed without hardly lifting a finger speed bringing about sparing in labor cost No peril of system retaining water from the con. subsequently limiting honeycombing TYPES OF FRAMEWORK TRADITIONAL FRAMEWORK This normally comprises of standard surrounded boards integrated over their backs with flat individuals called waling. C] One side of the divider structure is first amassed guaranteeing that it is accurately adjusted, plumbed and strutted.C] The steel fortification confine is then put and situated before the there side of the system is raised and fixed. [Plywood sheet in mix with timber is the most widely recognized material utilized for divider system. 0 The typical technique is to make up divider shapes as confined boards with the employ. Gesture confronting sheet screwed on to studs on a timber outline. This takes into account the pressed wood to be handily evacuated and switched and utilized on the two sides in order to build the quantity of reuses..CLIMBING FRAMEWORK Method of throwing dividers comprises of a climbing system, the moving of which might be manual or crane helped. These structures are broadly utilized in the development of mechanical stacks, storehouses, gig rise towers building centers, connect wharfs arches, air terminal control towers, media transmission, towers and so forth. Focal points: 0 Staged development process permits parity of site assets. 0 Anchor adornments can be reused after each pour, decreasing material expenses on present and future development programs.L] in the event of streetcar mounted system, the board withdraws from the face, giving space to cleaning and fixing of cement. C] Framework get to stages lifted as one, limiting crane support, diminishing work and material expenses. C] along the side. SLIDING FRAMEWORK OR CHLOROFORMING Slip structure implies a persistently moving structure, moving with such a speed, that solid when uncovered has just accomplished enough solidarity to help the vertical weight from solid still in the structure just as to withstand parallel weight brought about by wind Etc Advantages .C] Minimum utilization of timber and steel plates. L] Total disposal of conventional framework CLC Minimum prerequisites of woodworkers for collecting. C] The solid surfaces can be dealt with and completed while concrete is green, O The strategy of consistent slipping is applied to making both inward and articulate dividers just as segments Of a structure. Lasting FRAMEWORK Permanent structure or stay set up system is one in which the structure is left as a vital piece of the structure: CLC Utilized as the confronting materials of in situ strengthened cement.

TigerAir Singapore Analysis - Free Essay Example

Table of Contents Analysis of the Campaign text Brand Analysis SWOT Analysis Actual Positioning Customer Analysis Competitive Landscape Analysis Market Trends Pestle Analysis a)Political Factor: b)Social Factor: c)Economic Factor: d)Legal Factor: e)Environment Factor: f)Technological factor: Marketing Communication Plan Tigerair Market competition Tigerair Marketing Strategy and the Competitive Positioning Tigerair Positioning Tigerair Marketing Goals and Objectives Tigerair Marketing Mix Tows Matrix WO Strategies ST strategies SO strategies WT Strategies Marketing Budget considerations Campaign metrics Recommendations Conclusion Bibliography . Analysis of the Campaign text Brand Analysis Tigerair is a Singapore based company that offers different traveling options at affordable prices. They claim consumer satisfaction excellence and they started their operations in 2004. The travelling organization offers flights up to 37 different destinations. In Asia they touch base with 12 countries (Holding, 2015). Within the previous decade Tigerair has won awards for customer service and lowest rates. Of course the lowest rates awards didnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t mean that quality at any point in time was effected. Among the local airlines in Singapore, Tigerair maintains the leading position in providing quality services to the general public. SWOT Analysis Tigerair holds a dominant position in the local industry due to its low cost rates. That means targeting the low cost segment they have attracted a huge customer base (Hauser Shugan, 2008). It has a huge network operation in all of Asia. The rate of growth for Tigerair is exceptionally high (Holding, 2015). However according to certain academics (Bisignani, 2006) when big business expand at an exponential rate they are the worst hit by financial crises. Hence Tigerair can be in a vulnerable condition if there is an economic crises. Right now Tigerair is offering flights for 12 destinations in Asia, however Asia is composed of 48 states. Hence if it thinks to expand its operations Tigerair should start thinking of starting their operation in other zones in Asia. This could be a big opportunity for them as residing in Asia, they know the industry and operational predicaments. Further as compared to outside Asia expansion it could effectively reduce the cost. Further some a cademics (Flores-Fillol Moner-Colonques, 2007) account that for regional airlines liaisons with other airlines can attract more customer and save costs. Hence Tigerair should be looking into that particular paradigm. As far as Threats are concerned, for airlines rising prices of Oils is always a concern according to many studies (Flores-Fillol Moner-Colonques, 2007) (Fu Zhang, 2010). Further right now Tigerair has a cost effective advantage but if another airline comes with the same cost structure or lower prices with same quality that could pose a stiff competition for the airline. Actual Positioning It should be noted that Tigerair poses itself to be an extremely cost effective travel. This means it tends to target two segments of the market. First are the business personals who usually seek many trips on low cost and second are the domestic travellers who look for affordable travel (Holding, 2015). Because Tigerair has marketed itself offering various destination in Asia and outbound it looks to be an attractive bet for all the consumers who are looking for a good travel experience at affordable rates. Customer Analysis As already discussed above due to the low cost paradigm Tigerair has attracted a significant loyal consumer base domestic and business personals for air travel on inexpensive rates. There is no specific age customer but the portfolio for Tigerair include people of various background and ages who seek affordable travel (Holding, 2015). According to academics ( Lederman, 2007) this is a big success for any organization to attract a diverse audience of various background. But critics (Bisignani, 2006) (Hauser Shugan, 2008) also maintain that attracting a consumer base based on cheaper rates can be easily deflected if another airline comes in the market with low rates and better quality schemes. In conclusion the relationship between cost and customer base is mentioned below; Competitive Landscape Analysis As the above figure explains Tigerair main competition is shaped due to the three factors above. Firstly the local traditional airline which have been existing for a significant time have been affected due to the low cost paradigm of Tigerair. Hence the traditional airlines which offer full service poses the immediate competition for them (Holding, 2015). The second ones are the international lines working in Asia through different routes and prices (Holding, 2015). Tigerair maintains it edge with the same low price model with good services. And lastly the international entry by Tigerair with result in international price wars. The immediate case was witnessed when Tigerair decided to launch its operations in Australia. Australian airline faced the pressure of the cliental as Tigerair offered low rates (Liang, 2005). Further as discussed in the swot analysis competition is enhanced and effected due to the following factors as well; Oil Prices Political Stability Weather Issues Barriers to entry in local and international sphere Economic conditions Tax rates by the government Inflation in keeping the price hikes Market Trends Pestle Analysis Political Factor: According to the studies (Liang, 2005) the political environment of Singapore is quite stable and that eventually helps any growing industry in the market. Academics (Liang, 2005) hold that political stability and no government disturbance keep the prices and the trust of the factor in check. Hence politically Tigerair has a good advantage Social Factor: Singapore has a very sound and intellectually mature public with above 92 % literacy rate (Mundi, 2015). That means that they have an informed public. There are both advantages and a downside for any industry for this factor. The positive point is the public is aware to make comparison so if they see Tigerair with a good service and low rates they will opt for it. However it should be noted they will always be on a look out for a better product in the market. Economic Factor: Over the past decade Singapore economy is in a good position (Liang, 2005). A good and sound economy actually let the market players to play with the prices. If the inflation rate of any country is stable cost effective prices can be easily be maintained (Zook Brunn, 2006). However in economic crises this cost effectiveness might harm and is difficult to be maintained over a longer period of time. Legal Factor: Cost effectiveness of any company results in low wages for the employees. That is because low cost prices of the product means the manufacturing cost for that particular service or product is considerably lower (WEN YEH, 2010). Tigerair seemingly has a challenge here, good wages is a good indicator for employee retention and hence Tigerair need to concentrate on this part. Environment Factor: According to the information on the sources (Holding, 2015) given out by Tigerair it seems that it is doing adequate steps to control its carbon print on the earth. However there is always a room for improvement. Technological factor: Scholastics understanding (WEN YEH, 2010) hold that continuous improvement is paramount for any company survival. Whether the business is currently doing well, it is of prime importance they look for other venues and services to keep the customer retention. Marketing Communication Plan Tigerair à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Market competition It can be seen that nowadays the competition in the airline industry is quite high and companies are striving to make their position in the market. From the airlines industry there are two main competitors of Tigerair. One is Air Asia and the others Jetstar. Due to this the marketing strategies that the competitors are adopting has a direct impact and influence on the Tigerairà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s business. Usually it can be noticed that the airline industry are cost driven which results in less brand loyalty from the customer perspective. It is suggested that the Tigerair should adopt better pricing strategy in the competitive market so that they could maintain a stable market share in the industry. Tigerair à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Marketing Strategy and the Competitive Positioning Tigerair Segmentation Tigerair Targeting Tigerair à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Positioning Travelers Promo Lovers Shopaholic Value added seeker Value added seekers Low Price à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" High Value Tigerair Positioning Tigerair is situated in such an area where so many other airlines are there such as the Air Asia, Air Indus and etc. The scope of the airline industry has immensely grown with the expanding new entrants of other Airline companies. However it has also increased the much need for the travel and tourism among the people who can afford it. Tigerair is looking realizing that their region is quite competitive. The below mentioned Porterà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s model explains the five forces of competition, which Tigerair are currently facing is facing. Tigerair à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Marketing Goals and Objectives Creating Tigerair exclusive experience for its customers. Building Tigerair as a robust brand Opening of the new routes along with low costs Increasing the level of sales and revenues Increasing companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s market share Communication of the new Tigerair Corporate values and ethics Tigerair à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Marketing Mix The four Cs strategies and tactic plans that will be adopted by the Tigerair are as follows: Consumer Opening the new route for the consumers The new route will provide full services Cost Setting affordable pricing strategy: The carrier airways inclusive The average low cost Full service provision Convenience Online Smart Phone application induction Start of the Travel Agency office Online marketing and info availability Communication Provision of the 360 degree communication with the customers including the media gathering, advertisements such as TVC and you tube , Facebook Tows Matrix WO Strategies The company can expand and try to develop in such areas such as Laos and regions of Cambodia which will gain them the low cost for the employees. The profits that would be earned from here can be further invested in improving the experience of customer services. Tigerair can work closely along with the booking agents and also inauguration of improving the flights time such as introducing them during the prime time and with improved mechanism of booking system. Tigerair will the get to compete better with the competitors. It is noticeable that the ASEAN agreement has now opened the new opportunities for flying to more destinations and this will be adopted by Tigerair which will widen the horizons for more consumers from other regions as well. ST strategies Usually people are not aware of Tigerair. The company has to revitalize the marketing strategies which will be able to make them more into their low cost flights and the travelling to other destinations. Tigerair needs to reach out its networking capabilities with the hotels, car travelling companies and the companies such as the holiday homes which can become as a complementary services to their customers. SO strategies Tigerair has a strategic location situated in Singapore which can give them more good advances to open the new networks and affiliate themselves with the other big companies. The Tigerair has the low cost maintenance services and its operations that would ensure them to save their safety policies and the concern of their valuable customers. Tigerair should reach out to such customers in Asia who are willing to have less costly travelling experiences. ASEAN agreement will enable them to have unlimited travelers in their service. WT Strategies The company has no alternative if they wonà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t be able to adopt better marketing strategies other than to shut their business or any other airline could acquire them. Marketing Budget considerations Campaign metrics The budget that is allocated for the Tigerair will consist of SGD 1,500,000 for one campaign in the set target markets that are identified as the main core for the Tigerair airlines. Our campaigns will be including the pulsing media flight during the holiday season commencing from December 2015 which will also maintain the online presence, outdoor and the new mobile campaign as well. The budget allocation is as follows: Television 750,000 SGD Print 350,000 SGD Outdoor 200,000 SGD Online 150,000 SGD Mobile 50,000 SGD Recommendations Tigerair should have their main focus on improving their customer experience through the better customer relations and services such as avoiding the delay and cancellation of the flights. Usually in the Airline industry the biggest issue is among the unreliable flights and this cause the companies at stake. Tigerair should look into better opportunities such as expansion in other countries most probably the developing countries. They need to give guarantee to their employers through job satisfaction which will raise their morale and provide better policy guidelines to the customers regarding the security and safety policy. Conclusion According to the analysis and the marketing communication plan that we have done it is visibly noticeable that the success of Tigerair can create a new hype in the airline industry. Moreover, the efficient marketing strategies and the operational performance is going to be the key root of Tiger air accomplishment. The company is itself quite successful and they have gained a good brand recognition worldwide in the past few years. The strategies and objectives that are proposed for Tigerair in this assignment can make them improve their structure and gain the impetus which they have engendered in the past five years among their set target market. Considering from the point of view of market research, focusing on the mix audit we can clearly predict that we are now able to identify and provide recommendation for the better performance and improved mechanism along with the developed effective marketing strategies. Bibliography Lederman, M. (2007). Do Enhancements to Loyalty Programs Affect Demand? The Impact of International Frequent Flyer Partnerships on Domestic Airline Demand. The RAND Journal of Economics, 1134-1158. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/25046356 Bisignani, G. (2006). Airlines. Foreign Policy, 22-24, 26, 28. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/25461987 Flores-Fillol , R., Moner-Colonques, R. (2007). Strategic Formation of Airline Alliances. Journal of Transport Economics and Policy, 427-449. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/20054029 Fu , X., Zhang, A. (2010). Effects of Airport Concession Revenue Sharing on Airline Competition and Social Welfare. Journal of Transport Economics and Policy, 119-138. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/40600019 Hauser , J. R., Shugan, S. M. (2008). Defensive Marketing Strategies. Marketing Science, 85-87. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/40057247 Holding, T. A. (2015). Tigerair. Retrieved fro m Tigerair: Over 80 destinations, 140,000 hotels, 30,000 rental car locations: https://www.tigerair.com/sg/en/ Liang, M. (2005). Singapores Trade Policies: Priorities and Options. ASEAN Economic Bulletin, 49-59. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/25773843 Mundi, I. (2015). Index Mundi. Retrieved from Index Mundi: https://www.indexmundi.com/g/r.aspx?v=39 WEN , C.-H., YEH, W.-Y. (2010). Positioning of International Air Passenger Carriers Using Multidimensional Scaling and Correspondence Analysis. Transportation Journal, 7-23. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/40904818 Zook , M. A., Brunn, S. D. (2006). From Podes to Antipodes: Positionalities and Global Airline Geographies. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 471-490. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/4124428

Operations Management - 2610 Words

McDonald’s Restaurants The route to fast food franchising Introduction When the McDonald brothers, Dick and Mac opened their first restaurant in 1940 in San Bernardino, California, they could never have imagined the phenomenal growth that their company would enjoy. From extremely modest beginnings, they hit on a winning formula selling a high quality product cheaply and quickly. However, it was not until Ray Kroc, a Chicago based salesman with a flair for marketing, became involved that the business really started to grow. He realized that the same successful McDonald’s formula could be exploited throughout the United States and beyond. There are now more than 28,000 McDonald’s Restaurants in over 120 countries. In 2000, they†¦show more content†¦This division of labor and the high volume turnover of a limited menu allows for considerable economies of scale. For the franchisee, this can considerably reduce the risk of setting up their own business. There is no need to develop the product or do expensive market research. Nor will they have sleepless nights wondering if the product will appeal to the consumer. McDonald’s carries out regular market research. 3. Intensive initial training Every franchisee has to complete a full-time training program, lasting about nine months, which they have to fund themselves. This training is absolutely essential. It begins with working in a restaurant, wearing the staff uniform and learning everything from cooking and preparing food to serving customers and cleaning. Further training at regional training centers focuses on areas such as business management, leadership skills, team building and handling customer enquiries. The franchisee will have to recruit, train and motivate their own workforce, so they must learn all the skills of human resource management. During the final period, the trainee learns about stock control and ordering, profit and loss accounts and the legal side of hiring and employing staff. Consequently, no McDonald’s franchisee would have to ask a member of his or her staff to do something that they couldn’t do themselves. Knowing this, can also be a powerful motivator for the staff. 4. Continuous supportShow MoreRelatedOperations Management : Operation Management1355 Words   |  6 PagesOperations Management Introduction Operations management is the activity of managing the resources that create and deliver services and products. The operations function is the part of the organization that is responsible for this activity. Every organization has an operations function because every organization creates some type of services and/or products. However, not all types of organization will necessarily call the operations function by this name. Operations managers are the people who haveRead MoreOperation Management - Cadburyworld2493 Words   |  10 Pagestechnology to streamline the operation process) and facility costs (old and outdated facilities) at lowest possible. In return, they have to compromise low costs with their other objectives. The unskilled staffs and outdated facilities are compromised with the quality in the core process. For example, the brief video (facility) in the packaging plant is outdated and requires commentary notes from some guides. However, the unskilled guides are not familiar with the operations so they need to read fromRead MoreOperation Management And Operations Management2148 Words   |  9 PagesOperation management Introduction Being an operations manager is not an easy task, it involves good control and responsibilities for the major activities within the organisations in order to achieve goals that might be in form of services or in form of goods. The operation management roles may be different from business to business depending on the size and resources available, each organisation has its own operations functions, and in order to produces goods or services they have to convert theRead MoreImportance Of Production And Operations Management2317 Words   |  10 Pagesthe production and operation of enterprises. In order to remain competitive, companies in different countries have different factors of competitive advantage. A clear competitive advantage is the key to gain success in production and operation management. An effective operations management is the foundation of enterprise competitive advantage and the fundamental guarantee to realize corporate strategy. This essay deals with the importance of production and operations management in the enterprise,Read MoreOperations Management : Operation Management Essay2171 Words   |  9 PagesOperation Management Operations administration concentrates on precisely dealing with the procedures to create and circulate items and administrations. Operations administration is the procedure, which joins and changes different assets utilized as a part of the creation/operations subsystem of the association into quality included item/benefits in a controlled way according to the arrangements of the association. In this way, it is that part of an association, which is worried with the changeRead MoreOperation Management2751 Words   |  12 PagesTABLE OF CONTENTS 1. OPERATION MANAGEMENT 3 1.1. DEFINITION OF OPERATION MANAGEMENT 3 1.2. THE ROLE OF OPERATION MANAGER 3 1.3. RELATIONSHIP OF OPERATION MANAGEMENT WITH OTHER CORE FUNCTIONS 3 2. CASE STUDIES 3 2.1. HEATHROW INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT 3 2.2. NESTLÉ UK CHOCOLATE FACTORY 3 3. MAJOR UNDERSTANDINGS OF THE STUDY 3 4. CONCLUSIONS 3 REFERENCES 3 1. Operation Management For the success of an organization, the management crew plays a major role. An organizational structure is based on differentRead MoreOperations Management986 Words   |  4 PagesOPERATIONS MANAGEMENT Select two organisations that you are familiar with – one with a service output and one with a product output, and compare and contrast these organisations with respect to the following aspects: 1.1 The process of transformation of inputs to outputs 1.2 Process and Capacity design 1.3 Supply Chain management 1.4 Scheduling Operations Management refers to the management of the production system that transforms inputs into finished goods and services, (http://csuponomaRead MoreOperation Management2436 Words   |  10 PagesOPERATION MANAGEMENT IS IMPORTANT TO ALL BUSINESS To be able produce specialized managers capable of fulfilling strategic tasks within business and government enterprises the need for the practice of operations management cannot be forgone. Operations management is very significant in business operations since it forms the heart of the organisation by controlling the system of operation. Operations management deals with the design, operation, and enhancement of the systems that generate and deliverRead MoreOperations Management Chapter 18 Manual1950 Words   |  8 PagesChApter 18 Management of Waiting Lines Teaching Notes Some of the math and calculations can be left out in order to focus more clearly on the concepts of waiting lines. For example, all infinite source problems, including single channel (except constant service time) can be handled using the infinite source queuing table. In the past, queuing presented students with a good bit of computational requirements, and because of that, students frequently lost sight of the underlying concepts. WithRead MoreOperations Management1791 Words   |  8 PagesQUESTION 1 Operations management must be managed properly in order to improve an organization’s productivity and profitability. In the Cadbury World case, several micro and macro processes are involved and those processes bring some impacts to Cadbury World. Thus, Cadbury World must possess a sustainable micro and macro processes to achieve the best outcome and performance. Micro processes that involved are easily to manage compared to macro processes because macro processes are hard to manage

The Hero With A Thousand Faces - 1540 Words

Superman or Superwoman; Equality For All, Joseph Campbell â€Å"The Hero With A Thousand Faces† and The Movie â€Å"Alien† A hero is â€Å"a man (or occasionally a woman) of superhuman strength, courage, or ability, favored by the gods.† Based on this quote, found on â€Å"The Oxford English Dictionary Online,† one can assume that the hero would be a man based on the terms that are used. People often associate a man as being the almighty power in a situation. They are referred to as the hero. One does not often find a movie about superheroes with the hero being a woman. Gender should not define who is the better person. In order for one to be a hero, one must step up to the plate and destroy the monster behind the situation. If a woman is able to accomplish that task, then why can they not become a hero for society to cherish. Using The Hero With a Thousand Faces, by Joseph Campbell, Alien can be seen to argue how women are equal to men through the stages of a hero’s journey. In order for Ripley to become a hero, there has to be a situation in which she could shine. Relating this to Campbell’s piece, he explains the idea of the call to adventure. In this, he states â€Å" a blunder—apparently the merest chance—reveals an unsuspected world, and the individual is drawn into a relationship with forces that are not rightly understood.† This quote demonstrates how the hero is chosen for a task that they do not necessarily want to do. This is considered the call to adventure, in which that is the hero’sShow MoreRelatedThe Hero With A Thousand Faces796 Words   |  4 PagesIn 1949, Joseph Campbell published his book â€Å"The Hero with a Thousand Faces.† It details his theory of the â€Å"monomyth,† a theory that illustrates how many heroic mythological stories have similar outlines and archetypes. During his discussion of the second chapter of the monomyth, Campbell says that the mon omyth can â€Å"serve as a general pattern for men and women† in their everyday lives (121). In many circumstances, comparisons can be made between normal situations throughout life and the monomythRead MoreHero With A Thousand Faces1555 Words   |  7 PagesAnyone can be a hero, no matter where they come from, they could be your neighbor or be in the next town over, in another state or even in another country. Luis Gonzalez, born and raised in a small farm in Jalisco Mexico was eighteen years old when his own personal hero journey began. A â€Å"Heroes Journey† is a seventeen stage itinerary divided into three segments listed in order; Departure, Initiation and Return. These stages consist of what the hero in the story will do in their journey accordingRead MoreThe Hero With A Thousand Faces1284 Words   |  6 Pages Analysis of Beowulf In his book The Hero with a Thousand Faces, first published in 1949, esteemed American mythologist Joseph Campbell outlines the fundamental structure every archetypal hero follows during his or her journey in the world of mythologies. Campbell coined the term â€Å"monomyth to describe the stories that follow this structure. The monomythic cycle, commonly referred to as The Hero s Journey, is divided into three primary sections known as the Departure, Fulfillment, and ReturnRead MoreThe Hero With A Thousand Faces1524 Words   |  7 PagesRevised Draft A hero is â€Å"a man (or occasionally a woman) of superhuman strength, courage, or ability, favored by the gods.† Based on this quote, found on â€Å"The Oxford English Dictionary Online,† one can assume that the hero would be a man based on the terms that are used. People often associate a man as being the almighty power in a situation. They are referred to as the hero. One does not often find a movie about superheroes with the hero being a woman. Gender should not define who is the betterRead MoreThe Hero With A Thousand Faces1328 Words   |  6 PagesCooper Clarke English 4 – Period 2 Mr. McQueary 8/22/14 The Hero with a Thousand Faces Prologue – The Monomyth Myth and Dream Myths are universal and transcendent through time; many ancient myths are seen recreated in modern times. The author uses Oedipus as a way of comparing myth to psychology. Dreams have also played a major role in civilization; the people who could interpret dreams can understand and create myths. â€Å"Dream is the personalized myth† (19). Tragedy and Comedy People have alwaysRead MoreThe Hero With A Thousand Faces2252 Words   |  10 Pagestheory of the monomyth, all the myths that have withstood the test of time for thousands of years are based on a similar foundation. This foundation is explored in his book The Hero with a Thousand Faces where he describes the theory in this quote â€Å"A hero ventures forth from the world of common day into a region of supernatural wonder: fabulous forces are there encountered and a decisive victory is won: the hero comes back from this mysterious adventure with the power to bestow boons on hisRead MoreThe Hero with One Thousand Faces by Joseph Campbell1447 Words   |  6 Pagesyoung innocent character who embarks on a journey and becomes a hero, known as The Hero’s Journey; a series of steps that all heroes follow. This journey not only shows the main character becoming a hero but also shows the hero move along a path similar to that of adolescence, the path between childhood and maturity. The Hero’s Journey was created by a man by the name of Joseph Campbell. He wrote a book called The Hero with One Thousand Faces, a novel containing a variety of stories that follow the stepsRead MoreThe Cultural Values And The Archetypal Patterns Of The Novel Hero With A Thousand Faces 1331 Words   |  6 Pageson a pedestal, unlike their deception during the Late Middle Ages after the advent of chivalry and courtly love. On that note, Sir Gawain and Beowulf both reflect the cultural values and the archetypal patterns found in Joseph Campbell’s Hero with a Thousand Faces which are expressed throughout their communities. Even though some of the values such as valor and loyalty carried over from one time period to another, the two cultures experienced a paradigm shift from the way fighting was conducted allRead MoreTo What Extent Did the Book Hero with a Thousand Faces Influence the Sci-Fi Fantasy Film Genre, Specifically George Lucas’s Star Wars Trilogy?4143 Words   |  17 PagesIntroduction A hero goes forth from his familiar life into a world of the supernatural; difficulties are encountered which the hero conquers; and he returns home to celebrate with his friends. You may think you know what sci-fi/fantasy movie I’m talking about. But what I was actually describing is the book Hero With a Thousand Faces by Joseph Campbell. Because when it comes down to it, almost all sci-fi and fantasy movies follow the same basic pattern, the â€Å"Monomyth† described in Campbell’s bookRead MoreThe Hobbit, Or There And Back Again Essay1423 Words   |  6 Pagesor final battle followed by their return. Amongst the greatest and most authoritative pieces of literature written in the 20th century is Joseph Campbell’s The Hero with a Thousand Faces. Both the ideals and concepts within The Hero with a Thousand Faces are being used, and have been used, in the art of storytelling for thousands of years. The specific concepts Joseph Campbell lays out within the text is a dissection of the many common themes which the vast majority of stories, the heroic tale

The Jobs Killer Is Coming Driverless Trucks †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: How Driverless Trucks Could Change Australia? Answer: Introduction In early 2016 a futuristic driver-less fleet of trucks drove from Sweden to the Netherlands across Europe, heralding a new dawn in which trucks will run autonomously, driven by computers and satellite routing technology and replacing human drivers. It is no doubt exciting that after just over a century of drivers requiring driving licenses and training to drive trucks; soon computers will be doing the driving; able to operate for 24 hours, not requiring any sleep or rest, and not suffering any form of fatigue. For the business community, it will mean faster transport of goods, reduced costs, and possibly, enhanced transport efficiency (mapping technologies deciding the shortest and least congested routes). While the technology is exciting, the prospects for Australia could be devastating; lost jobs for drivers, lost side businesses associated with driving (motels, pump stations), loss of rights for workers, and possible increases in dangers (fatalities) as technology is infallible. T he Australian economy largely depends on her $ 200 billion transport business, on which the economy is highly dependent. This dependency is confirmed by the fact that growth in the countrys GDP always closely mirrors the growth of the transport sector (Reynolds, 2016). This paper discusses this idea in the setting of various ethical theories and draws conclusions at the end. Utilitarianism theory The normative ethical theory of utilitarianism, posits that the perception between what is wrong and what is right depends entirely on the repercussion of choosing one policy/ action over other alternate ones (Shafer-Landau, 2013). Benthams utility principle recognizes the fundamental role that pleasure and pain plays in human life; an action is validated or invalidated based on the discomfort or delight it brings about. Evil is equates with pain while good is equated with pleasure; the principle asserts that pleasure and pain can be quantitatively ,measured (Parekh, 2006). As such, this theory goes beyond the scope of an individuals interest and takes cognizance of other peoples interests. Based on this theory, the author in the article is right; while autonomous self-driving vehicles are an exciting new technology with some benefits, including increased speed and efficiency in transport, it has far bigger ramifications for the Australian society and economy. Jobs will be lost, life time benefits and rights, and other businesses that rely on trucking (by humans) such as eateries, pump stations, and hotels will die down, affecting possibly millions and adversely affecting the entire Australian economy. In this context, the idea of driver-less cars in Australia is bad and a no-no. Deontology Theory Deontology is a concept in normative ethics that bases its judgment of actions based on rules; this theory is a duty/ rule based form of ethics since people are bound to their duty by rules. This theory argues that the single feature that confers moral worth to an action is not the outcome that the action achieves but the motive behind that action (Darwall, 2007). The right thing must always be done, even if the outcomes are bad, as it is a duty to do the right thing. Knowing what is right requires rules to be put in place (Tavani, 2016); for instance, in the driver-less car case, is it wrong to stop the utilization of self-driving cars on account that its outcome will render millions jobless to introduce new and exciting technologies that lower the costs of doing business? Based on the case and the Deontology theory; it is wrong not to enjoy the benefits of such an exciting technology such as high efficiencies, speed, and lower operating costs because such actions will render driver s, their families and other businesses that depend on the transport ecosystem jobless and with a bleak future for the purposes of enjoying higher efficiencies and reduced costs as well as having exciting new technology. Based on this, the driverless trucks should be introduced. Virtue Theory The virtue theory of ethics posits that the central element in ethical thinking is the individuals character, instead of the rules regarding the actions themselves or the repercussions of such actions (Beycioglu, 2013). The ethical theory of virtue holds that the right goal of human life is happiness and wellbeing and that these goals can be achieved over a lifetime by people practicing acts of virtue in their everyday activities, subject to exercising practical wisdom to resolve any dilemmas or problems that may arise (Poel Royakkers, 2011). Local and foreign automakers and/ or their local billionaire backers that do not see the sense of abrogating such an exciting technology and its promising benefits in order to keep drivers employed will front the autonomous/ self-driving cars. The virtue theory requires that self-sacrifice and activities that carry a personal cost be should be objected to, and instead, the interests of the family/ community be given greater consideration. With this in mind, the interests of the Australian drivers and other sub sectors that depend on them, starting from their families to roadside motels and pump stations should be given precedence over technology that has its outlined benefits. Contract Theory This is an econometrics theory that evaluates how legal agreements are developed and how decisions are made by different parties to create a contract having certain specific terms in the vent some uncertain conditions are realized. The theory investigates how entities make decisions for contracts when there is information imbalance. In the self-driving cars case, the contract theory is analyzed in the setting of adverse selection and moral hazard (Smith, 2007). When two parties have different information (information asymmetry), so that those with better information selectively vouch for a specific product, at the cost of the party with less information who is worried an unfair engagement. Moral hazard occurs when a party that is insured takes more risks because the costs of the risks are borne by another party (Green, Miozzo Dewick, 2005). In this context, the self-driving cars developers and billionaire investors (and businessmen) in Australia and from overseas take more risks by launching self-driving transport, knowing that the costs of lost jobs and attendant businesses will be borne by other parties covering the risk; that is the general public, truck drivers, and roadside business owners. In this aspect, it is still unethical and morally wrong for the self-driving cars proponents such as its makers, investors, and local agents to introduce the cars that pose risks in two ways; they are machines that cannot be perfect and can result in fatalities. Further, drivers will lose jobs and the economy will be affected; but investors in the self-driving cars, their agents, and the billionaires stakeholders will not be affected by these. Consequently, the proposition of self-driving cars based on the contract theory is a moral hazard for Australians as they (drivers and employees and owners of attendant businesses and the trucks) will bear the ultimate cost of the autonomous, self-driving vehicles, while proponents of the self-driving vehicles will only make more profit and enhance efficiency. Conclusion In conclusion, the idea of autonomous cars in Australia will have adverse consequences to the Australian drivers, attendant businesses, their families, and the general economy due to loss of jobs, as the utilitarianism theory alludes to. Rules should determine actions, and not the outcomes of those actions; the motive behind actions is what confers an action moral worth and not the outcome, based on the deontology theory so that the benefits of the self-driving cars must be given greater weight than the outcomes of that action, such as lost jobs. The virtue theory also states that the goal of human life is happiness; so the introduction of the autonomous cars is a terrible because many people will lose jobs, a situation that will significantly reduce their happiness. So the autonomous cars are a bad idea. Further, those with knowledge are likely to take increasingly higher risks because they do not bear the cost of their consequences, in which case it becomes a moral hazard. To state the authors opinion, self-driving cars issues will be tackled when a middle ground is obtained; however, the ethical dimensions show it is a bad idea. References Beycioglu, K. (2013). Ethical technology use, policy, and reactions in educational settings. Hershey PA: Information Science Reference IGI. Darwall, S. (2007). Deontology. Malden, Mass: Blackwel. Green, K., Miozzo, M., Dewick, P. (2005). Technology, knowledge and the firm: Implications for strategy and industrial change. Cheltenham: Elgar. Parekh, B. (2006). Jeremy Bentham: Critical assessments. London: Routledge. Poel, I. ., Royakkers, L. M. M. (2011). Ethics, Technology, and Engineering: An Introduction. Malden, Mass: Wiley-Blackwell. Reynolds, E. (2016). The jobs killer is coming. NewsComAu. Retrieved 12 September 2017, from https://www.news.com.au/finance/business/travel/the-jobs-killer-is-coming-how-driverless-trucks-could-change-australia/news story/4f5b8a42b0452703d62e00f3e7644d7b Shafer-Landau, R. (2013). Ethical theory: An anthology. Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley- Blackwell. Smith, S. A. (2007). Contract theory. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. Tavani, H. T. (2016). Ethics and technology: Controversies, questions, and strategies for ethical computing. Hoboken, NJ : John Wiley Sons, Inc.

Marilyn Monroe Essay Example Essay Example

Marilyn Monroe Essay Example Paper Marilyn Monroe Essay Introduction Patty Ramirez Mr. Wear AP Lang/Comp 12 June 2010 Period 5 Tragedy of a Star Celebrities are swarmed by the media on a daily basis, and most of the time, are not able to lead normal lives. The media waits for some huge story to leak out through the observation of celebrities. However, paparazzi cannot be around them twenty four hours a day; in the moments they are not around, unknown events occur that ultimately can lead to tragedies. Such tragedies, like assassinations and suicides, become subject to controversy and speculation. For example, Marilyn Monroe’s mysterious death has been analyzed for over 40 years and is still seen as an unsolved puzzle. Marilyn Monroe’s life was cut short on August 4, 1962 due to a drug overdose; her death certificate stated probable suicide; however, forensic pathologist Dr. Thomas Noguchi stated that it was a murder (Bell). Why is this information hidden from the public in the 1960s? Is there more than meets the eye to Marilyn Monroe and her many affairs? Could the U. S. government have anything to do with her sudden and unexpected death? Whatever the answers to these questions are, one thing is certain; there are too many unanswered questions for Monroe’s death to be a simple answer like suicide. Although Marilyn Monroe has been one of the most prominent and influential figures in Hollywood, she had to endure numerous hardships before she ultimately became known as a world famous actress and model. Monroe was born Norma Jeane Baker on June 1, 1926, in Los Angeles to Gladys Monroe Baker and Edward Mortenson (â€Å"The Life of Marilyn Monroe†). Marilyn Monroe Essay Body Paragraphs Unfortunately, her father died in a motorcycle at the age of three and then three years later, her mother was admitted to a mental institution. Growing up in foster homes most of her childhood did not allow Monroe to have role models to look up to. Also, somewhere in the array of foster homes, Monroe was raped leaving her with mental trauma and a stutter (Wolfe). Although Marilyn Monroe mostly lived with strangers, at 15, she moved in with a family friend, Grace McKee. However, McKee’s husband was relocated to the East Coast and they could no longer care for Monroe. Monroe was left with two options: get married or be homeless. At the age of 16, Monroe married McKee’s neighbor James Dougherty and had a happy marriage until Dougherty was shipped to New Guinea with the Navy. As her loneliness grew without Dougherty, she began having many affairs such as Jose Bolanos. Then, she filed for divorce signing a deal with Twentieth Century Fox (Bell). After changing her name to Ma rilyn Monroe and appearing in movies like Dangerous Years, Monroe began to date her vocal coach Fred Karger and fell deeply in-love with him. He then dumped her realizing that the feelings between the two of them were not mutual. This separation devastated Monroe to the point that she attempted to end her life by slitting her wrists. Trying to move on with her life she made more films to keep herself distracted, such as The Asphalt Jungle and As Young as You Feel (IMDbPro), she met baseball star Joe DiMaggio and dated him for 5 years. They later spent a weekend together in Mexico and spontaneously decided to marry there. However, the marriage only lasted three days because DiMaggio became extremely jealous of any attention given to Monroe. Although they split up, throughout the rest of Monroe’s life they continued their intimate relationship (Guilles). Marilyn Monroe was known for being the â€Å"sexiest woman in Hollywood† (Phillips), as well as for her numerous affai rs. She soon added Arthur Miller to the list of husbands and stayed with him for 6 years supposedly being the happiest she’d ever been. Still, she suffered from loneliness easily and sought comfort through sex with other men (Bell). This time, she distracted herself with the start of Marilyn Monroe Productions and ameliorated her career with the picture Some Like it Hot gaining her a Golden Globe (Spoto). At this point she was at the peak of her career but would soon turn into a downward spiral after she met former U. S. president John F. Kennedy and his brother Robert Kennedy. Monroe was close friends with Pat Kennedy and through her she met the Kennedy brothers. She commenced an intimate relationship with both of them without their knowledge and ended up falling in-love with John. The new love triangle created problems since Robert felt strongly about Marilyn even though she did not feel the same way. In the meantime, the CIA began to have suspicions of Monroe’s inte ntions with the Kennedys and sought ways to protect them. The CIA forced the Kennedys to refrain from any contact with Monroe, which left her heartbroken (Summers). On August 5, 1962, Marilyn Monroe was found dead in her Brentwood home at 4 AM by her housekeeper Eunice Murray. Dr. Thomas Noguchi performed the autopsy and signed the death certificate as probable suicide. However, there is an unexplained mystery behind her death as well as many theories that have arisen. For more than 40 years, her death has been analyzed over and over again by many people attempting to solve her death. Even though her death has many different hypotheses, one thing is certain: Marilyn Monroe was murdered. One of the theories still overlooked today is if the CIA assassinated her to avoid a political scandal with John F. Kennedy’s presidency. Also, it is believed that her housekeeper, Eunice Murray, killed Monroe out of anger for being fired earlier that day. It is also believed that Robert Kenne dy murdered her out of spite and jealousy for Monroe’s love for his brother. All three of these theories have proved to be more likely than suicide (Bell). The presumption that the CIA assassinated Monroe has become a probable answer to Monroe’s death since the CIA had become interested in her links with the Kennedys. The CIA became worried that the Mafia would persuade Monroe to influence John F. Kennedy to resign his presidency to be with Monroe. JFK’s advisor, Peter Summers, contacted the CIA to â€Å"take care of Monroe† when it became known that Monroe was aware of government secrets that would supposedly â€Å"shock the world† according to Monroe’s friend, Peter Lawford (Coates). Also, if her death was just a suicide, why does the CIA still hold information concerning the actress’s death as classified? The theory that the CIA was involved, as well as the Kennedy administration, is a much more viable outcome than suicide since th ey still withhold information concerning her death (Wolfe). The speculation under Eunice Murray’s statement to the police has developed into a well-though out theory. According to Monroe’s autopsy, lividity was found on the posterior side of her body even though she was found in bed facing down. She had been dead for several hours, which illuminates the question as to why Murray waited at least 4 hours to notify authorities. When the police finally came, Murray was found cleaning the house spotless. When asked of her intentions, her response was, â€Å"I figured that a lot of people were coming so I wanted the place to look nice† (Wolfe). Plus, it is known that she was fired that morning and that she continued to get increasingly upset according to her son, Norman Jeffries. Could Monroe’s only friend really have killed her? Finally, the controversy behind the hidden information in police reports as well as alleged phone reports that provided the evidence that Monroe had made many calls the night of her murder, has allowed suspicion to fall to Robert Kennedy. Many neighbors witnessed Robert Kennedy come to Monroe’s home 30 minutes before her death with two unknown men. Local authorities merely said that the neighbors were letting their imagination get the best of them (Bell). Is it really possible for 7 different people to see the exact same thing without it being true? Monroe’s autopsy report revealed a high dosage of Nembutal, a sleeping pill that she used with alcohol to get high. However, according to the dosage discovered, Monroe would have had to ingest at least 80 pills; the empty bottles on her nightstand could only hold up to 50. Also, the Nembutal was only found in her liver instead of her digestive tract which means she would have had to be injected (Wilson). Considering the high amount of alcohol in her system, she would not have been conscious to inject herself, so who injected her? Not to mention, after No rman Jeffries went to see his mother shortly after the death of Monroe, he specified the fact that he witnessed that the file cabinets in Monroe’s office had been rummaged through (Bell). Perhaps Monroe had found vital information proving JFK to be dishonest in some way, which is probably the reason behind the classification of Monroe files, as well as the confiscation of every photo of Monroe and JFK together. Besides all the real evidence, there is also no reason for Monroe to have been depressed enough to commit suicide; she had planned a Playboy photo shoot and had rekindled her romance with Joe DiMaggio (Summers). The unexplainable disappearance of vital phone records also suggests that there is something that someone never wanted to be known even to this day. After speculation, it is evident that Marilyn Monroe was assassinated by someone that knew she was somehow a security risk to the government (â€Å"The Life of Marilyn Monroe†). It could have also been becau se of mere rage from Eunice Murray, however, it is now known that Monroe did not commit suicide, she loved what she did in Hollywood too much. Although there are many theories concerning her death, they all have one thing in common: Marilyn Monroe was murdered. Works Cited Bell, Rachael. â€Å"The Death of Marilyn Monroe. † TruTV. com: Not Reality. Actuality. Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. , 2010. Web. 5 June 2010. . Coates, Tim (2002). Marilyn Monroe: The F. B. I. Files. Littlehampton Book Services, UK. Guiles, Fred Lawrence. Legend: the Life and Death of Marilyn Monroe. New York: Stein and Day, 1984. Print. IMDbPro. â€Å"Marilyn Monroe. † The Internet Movie Database (IMDb). Amazon. com, 1990-2010. Web. 7 June 2010. . â€Å"The Life of Marilyn Monroe. † Marilyn Monroe’s Official Web Site . :. About Marilyn. Web. 13 June 2010. . Phillips, Josh. â€Å"So Marilyn Monroe? † Personal interview. 13 June 2010. Spoto, Donald (2001), Marilyn Monroe: The Biography. Cooper Square Press, N. Y. Summers, Anthony (1985). Goddess: The Secret Lives of Marilyn Monroe. Orion Books Ltd. , London. Wilson, Kirk (2002). Unsolved Crimes. Carroll Graf Publications, NY. Wolfe, Donald H. (1998) The Last Days of Marilyn Monroe. William Morrow Company. N. Y. Wolfe, Donald H. (1999). The Assassination of Marilyn Monroe. Warner Books, UK. We will write a custom essay sample on Marilyn Monroe Essay Example specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Marilyn Monroe Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Marilyn Monroe Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

Writing a Thesis

Writing a Thesis Writing a Thesis Writing a Thesis Thesis writing is a common assignment for academic degree programs.   Thesis should include research elements, it is the culmination of several months or years of studying. Writing a thesis requires deep thought, excellent planning and proper organization. Thesis topic must be justified; claims and conclusions must be supported by experiments or reasoned arguments and deductions. Thesis writing requires a careful investigation and deep research as well as analysis of the chosen problem.   It is not easy to write a good thesis and I hope the following tips will give you some ideas on writing a thesis.   Thesis Format Abstract, the introduction, the literature review and the conclusion are the required parts of the thesis format. The abstract provides the reader with a summary of thesis content. It should be brief but contain sufficient details, tell the reader about your motivation to conduct a research, state the project objectives, illuminate techniques employed, mention main results and conclusions. Abstracts should not exceed a page and should be self-contained. The abstract is the guide to the contents of the thesis, and therefore it is important to give the reader a good overview of the thesis topics. Introduction is the first chapter thesis writing. The purpose of introduction is to discuss the motivation of the work, state and define the problem that thesis is intended to solve, state the aim of the work, and tell how the work will progress. Also provide a brief overview of each of the main chapters. In the introduction you shouldn't go into details, you will have the chance to describe them later in other chapters. Remember that writing a thesis introduction is the final step of the writing process. Once all chapters are completed, you will see the structure of the whole thesis and be empowered to write a better introduction.   In addition, at this stage you will have the results of your work and ideas about the contribution of your thesis writing. Literature review section is based on published material. The purpose of the literature review writing is to give details about the motivation for the work, explain why the thesis problem is important. You should show that you have studied thoroughly what others have done. Make sure that you found out the most recent information relating to your field of study. The literature review is obviously a very important chapter because you have to employ good critical thinking skills. The purpose of writing a thesis conclusion is to summarize the main findings of the project, to list the contributions of the work and to give the directions for further research. Custom Thesis Writing Help If you are not sure how to write a good thesis and you seek professional help to write parts of your thesis, you are welcome to ask professional thesis writers for assistance.   We guarantee adherence to the instruction you provide and deliver free plagiarism report proving originality of delivered project.   We are available 24/7 to provide thesis writing help and we guarantee timely reply to your concerns.

Prison Overcrowding Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Prison Overcrowding - Essay Example It is not just the problem of a country. Rather, it is an international phenomenon. In this context, the present essay is an attempt to report the mounting problem of overcrowding in prisons in general. The essay takes an argumentative approach wherein an attempt is made to suggest solutions to the problem of overcrowding. The essay also throws lights on the causes of overcrowding such as increased crime rates. The inmates of a prison might be either pre-trail detainees or convicted/sentenced offenders. Irrespective of the type of offence and length of punishment, inmates are accommodated almost alike. Consequently, when the problem of overcrowding arises, it is likely to affect all the inmates more or less in the same manner. Overcrowding will result in serious repercussions which adversely affect the smooth running of the correction centres and the very purpose of judiciary. According to an earlier research in the area, three effects have been identified owing to overcrowding (John Howard Society of Alberta 2002). The first and foremost problem is that there is less of everything to go around; which eventually contributes to same spaces and resources will have to be shared among the inmates; that reduces the opportunities for prisoners to correct themselves by reducing the chances of self-improvement and rehabilitative programs, such as and vocational and academic training, employment etc. Moreover, this will lead to the deprivation of inmates from work or work opportunities, as a result of which they will exhibit discontent and disruptive behaviour (Cox et al. 1984). Overcrowding can also creates behavioral problems such as stress, fear, noise, and even some violent outburst (Johnston 1991). Stress may lead to aggression or depression. These psychological problems may have impact upon the social relationship and interaction among the inmates (Smith 1982). The third implication is that the inmates may be classified on the basis of the spaces they have been allotted rather than measure like security reasons and the like. It has been observed that any attempt to adjust with the limited space and the resulting overcrowding can only bring misclassification of prisoners (Cox et al. 1984). "The effects of misclassifying offenders due to overcrowding extend beyond the immediate consideration of there being too little space and too few resources. It also leads to slow progress through the corrections system and consequently to slow exit, which in turn perpetuates or increases the overcrowding problem" (John Howard Society of Alberta 2002). In a nut shell, over population in prison provides no way for offenders to be rehabilitated, the correction of criminal behavior, to avail human dignity. It may also cause outbreak of certain epidemic diseases such as AIDS. Causes of Overcrowding The root cause for over population in prison is the increased crime rates and punishment rates. Moreover, the length of punishment and reduced parole has compounded the rate of prison population. Overcrowding may cause many threats to the inhabitants; which result in further offences happen inside the correction centres. However, there has been slight decrease in the crime rates in country like United Kingdom. The problem of overcrowding can be attributed to the reasons listed below (Factors Impacting Prison Overcrowding 2000): There has been an increase due to the "war on drugs", high recidivism

The Impact of Downsizing on Organizational Competitiveness & Assignment

The Impact of Downsizing on Organizational Competitiveness & Innovativeness - Assignment Example Such strategies will become their key success factors in the future. The competition is forcing organizations to change their forms and the fundamental practices of management which they follow (Bresnen and Fowler 1994). The competitive advantage durability depends on the value of the human resources working in the organization and the intellectual capital they imply to perform their work (Wilkinson 2005, Guthrie and Datta 2008). To have a strong competitive edge in the business market is extremely vital for the firm to succeed otherwise survival of organizations starts to become quite difficult with such extreme competition taking place vigorously. The impact of downsizing is playing a major role in causing a shift in the social, economic, and the competitive organizational structures (McKinley, Sanchez, and Schick 1995). It can be observed that downsizing can strongly impact the competitiveness of organizations. At times downsizing may cause the business to lose their valuable employees and during the downsizing phase, many of the employees that are being retained may become troubled over their sense of job security which in turn may affect their performance greatly. The main purpose of this research is to find out the impact of downsizing; in what ways are the strategies for competitiveness and innovation of an organization affected whence it decides to downsize. This will be achieved by investigating firms that have conducted downsizing. A deeper look will be taken at the aftermaths of downsizing which was faced by these organizations. 2. To find out whether innovative practices of organizations are successful when firms opt for the downsizing process; a basic question is how the innovation model of any firm changes due to downsizing.

Enforcement mechanism Essay Example for Free

Enforcement mechanism Essay 1). In the absence of any legally binding enforcement mechanism, individual cartel producers may find it advantageous to cheat on the agreements and engage in secret price concessions. 2). When a promisor fails to put full effort into the performance of an agreement, yet the lack of effort is not independently verifiable, this lack of effort constitutes a 3). The Herfindahl-Hirschman index is a measure of ____. 4). In long-run equilibrium, all firms in a pure competition market situation operating under a condition of certainty will have identical costs even though they may use different production and operation techniques. 5). The distinctive characteristic of an oligopolistic market structure is that there are recognizable interdependencies among the decisions of the firms. 6). The Sherman Act prohibits: 7). Buying electricity off the freewheeling grid at one quarter til the hour for delivery on the hour illustrates: 8). Effective collusion generally is more difficult as the number of oligopolistic firms involved increases. 9). In pure competition: 10). An oligopoly is characterized by: 11). The kinked demand curve model was developed to help explain: 12). The profit-maximizing monopolist, faced with a negative-sloping demand curve, will always produce: 13). Capital expenditures: 14). Which of the following public policies has (have) the effect of restricting competition: 15). The cost of capital can be thought of as the rate of return required by investors in the firms securities. 16). ____ occur whenever a third party receives or bears costs arising from an economic transaction in which the individual (or group) is not a direct participant. 17). A firm in pure competition would shut down when: 18). The expected rate of return from a share of stock consists of: 19). In the purely competitive case, marginal revenue (MR) is equal to 20). In the  short-run for a purely competitive market, a manufacturer will stop production when: 21). Patents have been defended by some on the grounds that they stimulate inventive activity. Others have argued for changes in current patent laws because: 22). A monopoly will always produce less than a purely competitive industry, ceteris paribus. 23). The practice by telephone companies of charging lower long-distance rates at night than during the day is an example of: 24). When the cross elasticity of demand between one product and all other products is low, one is generally referring to a(n) ____ situation. 25). The decision by the Municipal Transit Authority to either refurbish existing buses, buy new large buses, or to supplement the existing fleet with mini-buses is an example of: 26). Which of the following statements is (are) true concerning a pure competition situation? 27). Which of the following are not approaches to resolving the principal-agent problem: 28). If a cartel seeks to maximize profits, the market share (or quota) for each firm should be set at a level such that the ____ of all firms is identical. 29). In the electric power industry, residential customers have relatively ____ demands for electricity compared with large industrial users and generally are charged ____ rates. 30). The largest problem faced in cartel pricing agreements such as OPEC is: 31). Non-redeployable durable assets that are dependent upon unique complementary and perfectly redeployable assets to achieve substantial value-added will typically be organized as 32). Governance mechanisms are designed 33). A(n) ____ is characterized by a relatively small number of firms producing a product. 34). The antitrust laws regulate all of the following business decisions except ____. 36). In the case of pure monopoly:

Utility and Universality versus Utility and the General Good :: Economics Philosophy Essays

Utility and Universality versus Utility and the General Good ABSTRACT: The concepts of Utility and Universality form an answer to the utilitarian topology of Utility and the General Good. Starting from the realization that utility cannot be determined materially, but only formally, the very premise of utilitarian philosophy has to be abandoned. The greatest good is not the good of the greatest number, but the universal good. The concepts Utility and Universality form an answer to the utilitarian topology of Utility and the General Good. Starting from the realisation that utility cannot be determined materially, but only formally, the very premise of utilitarian philosophy has to be abandoned. The greatest good is not the good of the greatest number, the greatest good is the universal good. I will develop this thesis in the following contribution. 1. The good of the greatest number versus the universality of lack of contradiction Since ancient times the concept of utility has been the catalyst between philosophy and economics. The question of the relationship between theory and practice has a special relevance to the issue. What is the effect of theoretical understanding on the material level? Which interrelationships does philosophy desire: should there be a renunciation of material wealth, or is it as Aristotle states, that without wealth there is no contentment? What then is (economic) good? The answer often given today is to ensure that basic needs are met. For the Greek economic philosophers among whom, Socrates, Xenophon, Plato and Aristotle, provision of goods to meet basic hunger and thirst, was not the task the social thinkers were faced with. Instincts power the drive to meet the basic needs. Economics as a science has another purpose. Before a material answer can be arrived at, there has to be a rational determination of it's use. Only then can we speak of a free and self-determined action, and only then can we speak of a scientific purpose. Instead of simply fulfilling material needs, which is the purpose of all living beings, the basic purpose of economic science is to create a system by which material goods are properly divided/distributed and used. It is not a quantitative, but a qualitative goal. Science (Wissenschaft) is independent of the number of people by whom and on whom it is practised. The philosophers of antiquity compa red the good economist with the good doctor: like the doctor, the economist is only in part acting to benefit or enrich himself.

Anita Desai Essay

The main characters who struck me the most are Uma and her brother Arun; to them are dedicated the two parts of the novel. Personally I think they have a lot of things in common and I’m not only considering the fact that they belong to the same close-knit family: they are somehow subjected to a reality from which they both want to escape. Uma is the plainest character of the novel, I think: she always obeys her parents and makes everything they want her to do. This is not completely a negative point but, reading the first pages of the book, I admit that I would like to react for her to the commandments of her MamaPapa, as they are often mentioned†¦Ã¢â‚¬ Go to the cook†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ Prepare the packet for your brother†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ Write a letter†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦but how can she manage to do all these things together?! In my opinion Uma is also naà ¯ve, she seems to be somehow tied by a sense of duty to her parents, especially after the failure of her two arranged marriages, and what about the dowry she has squandered?! as her father reminds her. The only â€Å"pause† of her life is given by the visits of Mira-masi, a particular woman who deeply fascinates Uma for the stories she tells her: she represents a ray of hope into the life of the girl, although her parents don’t approve the complicity created between them. Arun, whose birth was really longed for, is sent to the USA where he attends the college: being the only son of the family he has the honour of receiving a good education and he has also the possibility to live far from the oppressing reality of his homeland. But his life remains very unhappy: also the family to which he lives while in America is a sort of weight for him. The second part of the novel seems to me a long digression about food, I think that the food itself is the only reason for a link between Arun and the new family, Mrs Patton in particular. I think both brother and sister are oppressed voices who want to live in peace and to escape from the world they live in, although they aren’t able to rebel against it. For this very reason I would like them to write to each other, what does not happen in the novel. Dear Arun, Maybe for the first time in my life I admit that I’m very sad but what troubles me the most is the fact that I’m not able to find a way out†¦ Our cousin Anamika is dead. Everybody here is trying to give an explanation but†¦what for, she won’t ever come back and there are no acceptable explanations for her death†¦ I absolutely can’t imagine that the urn in front of me contains her ashes†¦she is dead†¦ but I’m dead too. Her awe for the family led her towards death, but what about me? I will stay forever with MamaPapa, I can’t abandon them, they are†¦my life! When mama grips my hand I know, I feel that there is something strong between us and I can’t, I can’t leave†¦ MamaPapa is calling me†¦I have to go. I don’t know if I will ever send this letter to you: perhaps I will burn it. Uma Dear Uma, A new semester at the college is beginning and my stay with the Pattons is over. I’m happy because I can leave this strange family: it wasn’t my place, I didn’t feel comfortable with them, I felt oppressed and obliged to be part of it, maybe only because I felt sorry for Mrs Patton and I didn’t want to disappoint her. This is the reason why I gave her the presents you sent me (but please don’t reveal anything to MamaPapa!): I didn’t want her to be worried about me when I silently walked out of her life. Arun Alice Bravin 5 H Liceo Scientifico â€Å"M. Grigoletti† Pordenone Anita Desai â€Å"FASTING, FEASTING† The novel by Anita Desai appeared insipid to my eyes. If I were asked to collect all the emotions that the book has stirred in my heart, I would find myself in anguishing troubles, for I’m quite numb to it as well I am frustrated by each work of art dominated by a sense of heaviness. The characters are imbued with, or even better, they are emblems of this heaviness which reveals itself mainly in the temperament of Uma, who is the best-built character of the novel. Anita Desai succeeded in the enterprise of creating a character without personality, a woman deprived of her soul. She is the designated victim who is doomed to endure the burden of life, symbolized first of all by her parents. Uma doesn’t strike my sensibility: I don’t feel pity for her, nor would I establish a sort of sympathetic relationship with her; her ineptitude doesn’t arouse my anger, nor would I shake her out of the status of torpor she experiences. I am quite interested in one of the psychological aspects of Uma, that of repression. Uma is not free to be what she wants to be, to do what she wants to do, so she is utterly repressed in her passions, in her feelings, in her personality; this last dimension is completely neglected to her. These inner forces run inside her veins and arteries, like water permeating through the cracks of a rock and when temperatures gets colder, it becomes ice and causes the explosion of the rock. The same happens inside Uma and the implosion is disguised as a sort of disease. Convulsions, nausea which leads to vomit, suffered cries, these moments are the most involving – and at the same time disturbing – moments and situations of the novel. I would have appreciated if Anita Desai had developed this edge of the prism of Uma. Sigmund Freud stated that mental patients are like diamonds, whose structure is based on its corners. In these lines the diamond would break in case it fell on the ground. Uma is like that. Her body seems possessed by a demoniac spirit, her limbs, her bowels are rocked by the unique act of rebellion which is allowed to her. I wonder why the writer has snobbed this issue, which probably assumes a religious and philosophical value and is strictly connected to Indian culture. The heaviness that haunts the book is expressed even by the settings. Concerning this point I would like to recall the image of Uma and her aunt who leave together on a spiritual trip. The bus they catch is incredibly crowded: this episode evokes the image of mingled noises and smells within the dusty and sandy air of India. The writer enables us to appreciate each aspect of the setting – thanks to her detailed language – so that the reader manages to broaden his sensorial perceptions and is caught by the use of synaesthesia. ( The description of the believers bathing in the Gange becomes meaningful in this sense ). Before starting reading the book I thought it would be quite precious for me in order to learn more about the Indian world, even appreciating it by means of the parallel Anita Desai draws with Northern America. But I was wrong: â€Å"Fasting, feasting † doesn’t seem so representative of India: the impression I get is that of a character – Uma – who might be possibly Irish or even Italian. Westerners share the same common imagery about India and this common imagery is banal and dominated by prejudices. The book is ambiguous, in the sense that neither supports this statement, nor deny it. The same ambiguity lies in the second part of the novel – that dedicated to Arun – which takes place in the United Stated of America. Anita Desai gives us tenets and traits of the American Society coming in the story of an American family. Here there aren’t crowded busses or temples, but televisions, junk food, couches, barbecues, baseball matches and people who enjoy all these objects and events. The same dusty air is breathed by Arun when he goes back home walking on the boundaries of the street. The same atmosphere of heaviness which degenerates into disease. For these very reasons I state that Uma and her story are not so â€Å"Indian†. Moreover, I have some perplexities about the last chapter – really shorter than the first one – which doesn’t find a proper literary justification. It is a sort of appendix, even if only almost at the end of the book there’s the precise reference to the tile â€Å"Fasting, feasting† and is embodied by the bulimic girl. Alessandra Crimi 5 H Liceo Scientifico â€Å"M. Grigoletti† Pordenone Anita Desai – Fasting, Feasting Fasting, Feasting is one of the most interesting books I have ever read. Thanks to the brilliant descriptions and the elegant narration the reader has the opportunity to create an imaginary but precise setting were characters develop during the story. I think that this novel is like a mirror because it gives the opportunity to reflect, in both meanings of the word. We can reflect ourselves in the protagonists (mirror-like effect) and we can reflect, think, about the different values and importance that people from different societies give to ideals they believe in. In my opinion the rhythm of the narration is sometimes too slow, but I can understand that it is due to the fact that, once again, it mirrors the context where the story takes place. In India, in fact, there is no frenetic life, no stress, no anxiety of living and for this very reason people can pay attention to little events that we probably ignore. When the father asks for his drink, it seems to me that everyone in the family has to stop and be there for this event; when a guest arrives unexpectedly, all the attention is directed to him; even the choice of one kind of food rather than another seems to be one of the most important problems of the day. . The character of Mumdad is what emotionally touched me most, maybe because to a certain extent I can detect in them some traits my parents have. The image of Mumdad on the swing describes their indissoluble bond. Mumdad are a unique person/entity made up of two different souls. These two souls are always at unison, they never take opposite decisions, they argue but they always find a compromise, they are, in a word, complementary. I always admired this ability to build little by little a life together even if, for a child, sometimes it’s not so easy to accept their decision, or rather, their impositions. Uma is my favourite character. In some parts of the novel I felt really involved in her problems, in her thoughts and desires. She loves school even if she isn’t able to get good marks; she loves learning, she wants to try again, to spend another year at school, she’s sure she will improve. She suffers when Mumdad decide she should give up her studies. She suffers when she understands she is not as beautiful, intelligent as her sister Aruna, and so she is considered a lesser woman. Uma suffers silently, she accepts her condition of inferiority, yet she is always looking for a moment of glory that, unfortunately, never comes. She is like the most humble flower that grows up silently, that is trampled from the gardener that gave her birth, because a rose is blooming next to the humble flower and he must be there to praise the perfection and beauty of the rose. I’m not saying that I reflect myself in Uma , absolutely not, on the contrary, I’m saying that all my life I have been an Aruna, and I didn’t know about it. I’m an only child, there is no Uma in my family, but thanks to the juxtaposition of the two characters I have understood that I have always been loved and pampered and nursed and highly considered and I don’t really know if I deserve all this. This book has really been a great opportunity for me, it has made me reflect on my values and on the meaning of my â€Å"little† life: too often we don’t realise what is around us. But now I want stop talking about me. I would love to write a few lines about arranged marriages. In our Western society, marriage is generally viewed as a value strongly linked with the concept of freedom, the freedom to choose the person with whom we would like to spend all our life. We have this great opportunity and we often waste it. We are free to love a person for his peculiarities and not for his money and often people choose the partner for his richness, we get married and then we divorce and kids are treated as merchandise, we often get married for reasons that sometimes are far away from love and we claim to judge a society where parents choose a spouse for their children. I think that Western people are more contradictory than what they want to admit and perhaps less happy. Perhaps it is this very feeling that leads plenty of us to judge other cultures. DA PIEVE LUCIA 5 H Liceo scientifico â€Å"M. Grigoletti† Anita Desai â€Å"Fasting,Feasting† This is the first book by Anita Desai I have ever read. Her observations are astute whether they are on living conditions in India or USA. Anita Desai uses her words perfectly to convey exactly what she feels,but even if it could seem a contradiction,I think that the problem with the book is its dry, clinical approach in chronicling the lives of the characters, the book lacks passion. I was always on the outside, looking into the lives of people. The book offers few chances of getting involved with the characters ,in fact while reading the book I didn’t feel the compulsion of finishing it quickly. The part I liked better is the first half of the book that deals with life in a small, slow town in India, with rigid parents and well-drafted routines. The †Indian half† is more detailed than the other half which deals with the â€Å"rule-less† life in suburban USA. In the first half there is a partly successful, proud father, who goes through life, with set patterns and no passion. A mother who goes along with her husband, doing what is supposedly right and expected of her, curbing and killing all her innate desires. Three children. The eldest, Uma, clumsy . The middle daughter Aruna, pretty, ambitious and smart, but eventually also a victim of her choices. The last, a son, Arun, on whom the parents put all their dreams and energies. All of them, along with members of their extended family, go through some form of deprivation (of will, of fun, of passion and of love). I think that a merit of this book is the way it highlights the Indian traditions, cultures and mostly the place of a woman in an Indian family. I liked the character of Uma in the book because she is both willing to take a chance with life and at the same time dedicated to her family.She takes whatever happens to her life with such grace that she does not give me a chance to cry for her. I like her inner strength. The story in itself is told from the perspective of the protagonist, Uma, who starts out as a wideeyed child at a convent who shows an enthusiasm for education but with the birth of her brother Arun, Uma takes on the role of nanny. Here, one encounters the distinct preference parents have for the male child. Desai next explores the conventional belief that ties a woman’s worth to her physical appearance. A woman who lacks beauty is often rushed into the first marital offer she receives, only to pay a heavy price later on. Desai shows the challenges a single woman faces regardless of how successful she is. By contrast, Uma’s cousin is portrayed as the ultimate success because she is able to marry well thanks to her looks. She makes the reader wonder how happy she truly is, when she eventually takes her own life. Uma is the main character in the first half of the novel. She is a clumsy, uncoordinated woman who finds it difficult to succeed in almost everything she does – she fails in school, can’t cook, spills food and drink and can’t find anyone worthwhile to get married to. Her father feels that Uma is incapable of fending for herself, as she is too clumsy, uncoordinated and proves a failure in almost everything she does.Uma fails in school, in the kitchen and she even fails to find anyone worthwhile to get married to. The father asks Uma to interrupt her studies in the Christian convent when he find out she not doing very well at school. He feels that it was a waste of time and money to provide Uma an education ;he has other plans for her.She will look after her baby brother Arun and take care of the household while her mother rests after giving birth. Uma’s life is constantly planned by her father.Uma cannot resist her father’s oppressive patriarchal ideology, as she is afraid of the consequences that would befall her if she angered the colonial characteristics of her father. Uma’s entertainment comes in the form of her cousin, Ramu. When Ramu is around, Uma feels at ease. But the father feels that Ramu is a bad influence on Uma. He does not want Uma to be influenced by other men who are capable of brainwashing her to resist the demands of his patriarchal nature.